Documentation Index
Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.raydium.io/llms.txt
Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
准备工作
确保你已阅读 快速入门先决条件,拥有 RPC_URL、KEYPAIR 和安装好的依赖项。
CLMM 池创建需要一次性费用,加上初始头寸的按 tick 数组租金。你还需要在钱包中拥有两种种子币种——当价格落在选择的范围内开启头寸时,需要两边都有流动性。
步骤 1 — config.ts
保存为 config.ts。形式与演示仓库的 src/config.ts.template 相同——disableFeatureCheck 被强制设置为 true(对于任何非平凡的集成都推荐这样做,这样 SDK 就不会在启动功能检测调用时阻塞):
// config.ts
import { Raydium, TxVersion, parseTokenAccountResp } from "@raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2";
import { Connection, Keypair, clusterApiUrl } from "@solana/web3.js";
import { TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID } from "@solana/spl-token";
import bs58 from "bs58";
import fs from "node:fs";
export const owner: Keypair = Keypair.fromSecretKey(
// accept either a JSON-array keypair file (same shape Solana CLI writes) or a bs58 secret in env
process.env.KEYPAIR_BS58
? bs58.decode(process.env.KEYPAIR_BS58)
: new Uint8Array(JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(process.env.KEYPAIR!, "utf8"))),
);
export const connection = new Connection(
process.env.RPC_URL ?? clusterApiUrl("mainnet-beta"),
"confirmed",
);
export const txVersion = TxVersion.V0;
const cluster = "mainnet" as "mainnet" | "devnet";
let raydium: Raydium | undefined;
export const initSdk = async (params?: { loadToken?: boolean }) => {
if (raydium) return raydium;
raydium = await Raydium.load({
owner,
connection,
cluster,
disableFeatureCheck: true,
disableLoadToken: !params?.loadToken,
blockhashCommitment: "finalized",
});
return raydium;
};
export const fetchTokenAccountData = async () => {
const solAccountResp = await connection.getAccountInfo(owner.publicKey);
const tokenAccountResp = await connection.getTokenAccountsByOwner(owner.publicKey, {
programId: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
});
const token2022Req = await connection.getTokenAccountsByOwner(owner.publicKey, {
programId: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
});
return parseTokenAccountResp({
owner: owner.publicKey,
solAccountResp,
tokenAccountResp: {
context: tokenAccountResp.context,
value: [...tokenAccountResp.value, ...token2022Req.value],
},
});
};
步骤 2 — createPool.ts
与 config.ts 并排保存。源代码:src/clmm/createPool.ts。
// createPool.ts
import { CLMM_PROGRAM_ID, DEVNET_PROGRAM_ID } from "@raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2";
import { PublicKey } from "@solana/web3.js";
import Decimal from "decimal.js";
import { initSdk, txVersion } from "./config";
export const createPool = async () => {
const raydium = await initSdk({ loadToken: true });
// RAY
const mint1 = await raydium.token.getTokenInfo("4k3Dyjzvzp8eMZWUXbBCjEvwSkkk59S5iCNLY3QrkX6R");
// USDT
const mint2 = await raydium.token.getTokenInfo("Es9vMFrzaCERmJfrF4H2FYD4KCoNkY11McCe8BenwNYB");
// Fee tiers come from the live API. On devnet the published `id` field is wrong;
// re-derive the PDA before passing it to the SDK.
const clmmConfigs = await raydium.api.getClmmConfigs();
const { execute } = await raydium.clmm.createPool({
programId: CLMM_PROGRAM_ID,
// programId: DEVNET_PROGRAM_ID.CLMM_PROGRAM_ID,
mint1,
mint2,
ammConfig: {
...clmmConfigs[0],
id: new PublicKey(clmmConfigs[0].id),
fundOwner: "",
description: "",
},
initialPrice: new Decimal(1),
txVersion,
// optional: set up priority fee here
// computeBudgetConfig: { units: 600000, microLamports: 46591500 },
});
const { txId } = await execute({ sendAndConfirm: true });
console.log("clmm pool created:", { txId: `https://explorer.solana.com/tx/${txId}` });
process.exit();
};
createPool();
步骤 3 — createPosition.ts
源代码:src/clmm/createPosition.ts。
// createPosition.ts
import {
ApiV3PoolInfoConcentratedItem,
TickUtils,
PoolUtils,
ClmmKeys,
} from "@raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2";
import BN from "bn.js";
import Decimal from "decimal.js";
import { initSdk, txVersion } from "./config";
import { isValidClmm } from "./utils";
export const createPosition = async () => {
const raydium = await initSdk();
let poolInfo: ApiV3PoolInfoConcentratedItem;
// RAY-USDC pool
const poolId = "61R1ndXxvsWXXkWSyNkCxnzwd3zUNB8Q2ibmkiLPC8ht";
let poolKeys: ClmmKeys | undefined;
if (raydium.cluster === "mainnet") {
const data = await raydium.api.fetchPoolById({ ids: poolId });
poolInfo = data[0] as ApiV3PoolInfoConcentratedItem;
if (!isValidClmm(poolInfo.programId)) throw new Error("target pool is not CLMM pool");
} else {
const data = await raydium.clmm.getPoolInfoFromRpc(poolId);
poolInfo = data.poolInfo;
poolKeys = data.poolKeys;
}
// Optional: pull on-chain real-time price to avoid slippage errors from a stale API quote.
// const rpcData = await raydium.clmm.getRpcClmmPoolInfo({ poolId: poolInfo.id });
// poolInfo.price = rpcData.currentPrice;
const inputAmount = 0.000001; // RAY amount
const [startPrice, endPrice] = [0.000001, 100000];
const { tick: lowerTick } = TickUtils.getPriceAndTick({
poolInfo,
price: new Decimal(startPrice),
baseIn: true,
});
const { tick: upperTick } = TickUtils.getPriceAndTick({
poolInfo,
price: new Decimal(endPrice),
baseIn: true,
});
const epochInfo = await raydium.fetchEpochInfo();
const res = await PoolUtils.getLiquidityAmountOutFromAmountIn({
poolInfo,
slippage: 0,
inputA: true,
tickUpper: Math.max(lowerTick, upperTick),
tickLower: Math.min(lowerTick, upperTick),
amount: new BN(new Decimal(inputAmount || "0").mul(10 ** poolInfo.mintA.decimals).toFixed(0)),
add: true,
amountHasFee: true,
epochInfo,
});
const { execute, extInfo } = await raydium.clmm.openPositionFromBase({
poolInfo,
poolKeys,
tickUpper: Math.max(lowerTick, upperTick),
tickLower: Math.min(lowerTick, upperTick),
base: "MintA",
ownerInfo: { useSOLBalance: true },
baseAmount: new BN(new Decimal(inputAmount || "0").mul(10 ** poolInfo.mintA.decimals).toFixed(0)),
otherAmountMax: res.amountSlippageB.amount,
txVersion,
computeBudgetConfig: { units: 600000, microLamports: 100000 },
});
const { txId } = await execute({ sendAndConfirm: true });
console.log("clmm position opened:", { txId, nft: extInfo.nftMint.toBase58() });
process.exit();
};
createPosition();
步骤 4 — utils.ts
源代码:src/clmm/utils.ts。
// utils.ts
import { CLMM_PROGRAM_ID, DEVNET_PROGRAM_ID } from "@raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2";
const VALID_PROGRAM_IDS = new Set<string>([
CLMM_PROGRAM_ID.toBase58(),
DEVNET_PROGRAM_ID.CLMM_PROGRAM_ID.toBase58(),
]);
export const isValidClmm = (programId: string) => VALID_PROGRAM_IDS.has(programId);
# create the pool first
RPC_URL="https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com" \
KEYPAIR="$HOME/.config/solana/id.json" \
npx tsx createPool.ts
# then open an initial position against the new pool id
# (edit poolId at the top of createPosition.ts to point at your new pool)
RPC_URL="https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com" \
KEYPAIR="$HOME/.config/solana/id.json" \
npx tsx createPosition.ts
刚才发生了什么
交易 1 — raydium.clmm.createPool 初始化了:
- 位于
(mint1, mint2, ammConfig) 的规范 PDA 处的池状态,
token_0_vault 和 token_1_vault(按 mint 字节顺序排序),
observation 环形缓冲区,
- 内联 tick 数组位图,
并从你的 initialPrice 设置初始 sqrt_price_x64。
交易 2 — raydium.clmm.openPositionFromBase 开启了一个集中头寸:
- 向你的钱包铸造了头寸 NFT(NFT 就是 头寸;转移它就转移头寸),
- 在下界和上界分配了 tick 数组(首个头寸在这些范围内时需一次租金;tick 数组不会被程序关闭,所以后续头寸在同一数组中无额外租金),
- 存入了
mint1 的 inputAmount 和匹配的 mint2 对应金额(由 PoolUtils.getLiquidityAmountOutFromAmountIn 计算),
- 根据范围宽度赋予头寸相应流动性。
范围越窄,每美元 TVL 的资本效率越高——同时当价格漂离范围时无常损失越大。上面使用的范围([0.000001, 100000])实际上是全范围;收紧范围来浓缩当前现货附近的手续费。
选择费用层级
clmmConfigs[0] 是最低费用层级。完整集合在 GET https://api-v3.raydium.io/main/clmm-config 发布:
| 索引 | tradeFeeRate | Tick 间距 | 用途 |
|---|
| 0 | 100(1bp) | 1 | 稳定币对稳定币,预期极低的无常损失 |
| 1 | 500(5bp) | 10 | 高度相关的资产(如流动性质押币对其基础资产) |
| 2 | 2_500(25bp) | 60 | 标准代币对,蓝筹币加稳定币 |
| 3 | 10_000(1.00%) | 120 | 高波动或薄流动性对,IL 风险高 |
详见 user-flows/choosing-a-pool-type 了解完整决策矩阵。
常见错误
Pool already exists for this config — 此 (mint1, mint2, ammConfig) 组合已存在 CLMM 池。查找现有池 ID 并跳过第 2 步。
Insufficient funds for amount B — 你的钱包有请求的 mintA 数量,但没有匹配的 mintB。当价格在范围内开启头寸时需要两边都有流动性。
Tick out of range — 你的 lowerPrice 或 upperPrice 超出了可表示的价格范围。相对于当前价格使用更合理的范围。
- 价格过时 — API 的报价可能落后 5-60 秒。如果
executePosition 因滑点失败,在 createPosition.ts 中取消注释 getRpcClmmPoolInfo 代码块,在签署前重新获取实时价格。
注意事项
- 头寸 NFT 是你的唯一句柄。 丢失 NFT 或转移它就会失去对头寸的访问权限。把它当作钥匙对待。
- 范围外头寸赚不了手续费。 如果价格移动到
[lowerPrice, upperPrice] 之外,你的头寸完全停留在一种资产中,直到你重新平衡前一分钱也赚不到。
- Tick 数组租金是单向的。 首个接触从未初始化的 tick 数组的头寸需支付租金;程序不提供关闭 tick 数组的路径,所以租金是永久的。后续在同一数组中的头寸是免费的。
下一步
源代码: