# Pool Fees

## CLMM fees <a href="#clmm-fees" id="clmm-fees"></a>

All costs are Solana rent-exemption fees. There is no Raydium protocol fee for CLMM pool creation or position management.

***

### Pool creation <a href="#pool-creation" id="pool-creation"></a>

Creates a liquidity pool for a token pair. The pool exists on-chain and is ready to accept liquidity.

**Cost: 0.06144904 SOL** (non-refundable)

| Account           | Cost (SOL)     | Refundable |
| ----------------- | -------------- | ---------- |
| Pool state        | 0.01163712     | No         |
| Observation state | 0.03209256     | No         |
| Tick array bitmap | 0.0136416      | No         |
| Token vault 0     | 0.00203928     | No         |
| Token vault 1     | 0.00203928     | No         |
| **Total**         | **0.06144904** | —          |

Pools cannot be closed once created. These costs are permanent.

***

### Opening a position <a href="#opening-a-position" id="opening-a-position"></a>

Creates a new LP position for a specific price range. You receive an NFT representing ownership of the position. Opening a position does not require depositing liquidity—you can open an empty position and add liquidity later.

Position costs have two components: a fixed base cost and a variable tick array cost.

#### **Base cost**

Raydium supports two NFT methods for position ownership:

| Method         | Cost (SOL | Notes                           |
| -------------- | --------- | ------------------------------- |
| Token-2022 NFT | \~0.0092  | Uses native Token-2022 metadata |
| SPL + Metaplex | \~0.0215  | Legacy method, higher cost      |

**Token-2022 breakdown:**

| Account           | Cost (SOL)   | Refundable |
| ----------------- | ------------ | ---------- |
| Personal Position | 0.00284664   | Yes        |
| NFT mint          | 0.00277008   | Yes        |
| NFT token account | 0.00207408   | Yes        |
| Metadata funding  | 0.0014616    | Yes        |
| **Total**         | **\~0.0092** | —          |

**SPL + Metaplex breakdown:**

| Account           | Cost (SOL)   | Refundable |
| ----------------- | ------------ | ---------- |
| Personal Position | 0.00284664   | Yes        |
| NFT mint          | 0.0014616    | Yes        |
| NFT token account | 0.00203928   | Yes        |
| Metaplex Metadata | 0.0151156    | No         |
| **Total**         | **\~0.0215** | —          |

### **Tick array cost**

Tick arrays store price tick data for a range of prices. Each array costs **0.07216128 SOL** and covers `60 × tick_spacing` ticks.

Tick arrays are:

* Created when the first position uses that price range
* Shared by all positions in the pool
* Permanent and non-refundable

**You only pay for tick arrays if they don't already exist.** For popular pools like SOL-USDC, tick arrays across common price ranges are already initialized—you pay nothing extra. This cost primarily applies to new pools or positions in rarely-used price ranges.

**Calculating tick arrays needed:**

```
arrays_needed = ceil(range_width / (60 × tick_spacing))
```

The minimum is 1-2 tick arrays per position (for the lower and upper bounds of your range).

| Tick spacing | Ticks per array | Typical use case         |
| ------------ | --------------- | ------------------------ |
| 1            | 60              | Stable pairs (USDC-USDT) |
| 10           | 600             | Major pairs (SOL-USDC)   |
| 60           | 3,600           | Volatile pairs           |
| 120          | 7,200           | High volatility          |

**Example costs (assuming tick arrays don't exist):**

| Tick spacing | Arrays needed | Cost       |
| ------------ | ------------- | ---------- |
| 120          | 1             | 0.0722 SOL |
| 60           | 2             | 0.1443 SOL |
| 10           | 10            | 0.7216 SOL |

**Full range position costs:**

{% hint style="info" %}
**Note:** The full range position costs provided here are for illustration purposes only. It is generally not recommended to opt for a full range position due to its high cost. If your goal is full range liquidity, it is better to use a constant product pool.
{% endhint %}

| Tick spacing | Arrays needed | Cost       |
| ------------ | ------------- | ---------- |
| 10           | \~1,479       | \~107 SOL  |
| 60           | \~247         | \~17.8 SOL |
| 120          | \~124         | \~8.9 SOL  |

#### Increase liquidity <a href="#increase-liquidity" id="increase-liquidity"></a>

Deposits tokens into an existing position. Your position must already be open, and the tick arrays for your price range must exist (they're initialized when the position is opened).

**Cost:** Network transaction fee only

***

#### Decrease liquidity <a href="#decrease-liquidity" id="decrease-liquidity"></a>

Withdraws tokens from your position without closing it. The position remains open and can receive more liquidity later.

**Cost:** Network transaction fee only

***

### Close position <a href="#close-position" id="close-position"></a>

Burns the position NFT and closes the position account. You must withdraw all liquidity and collect all fees before closing.

**Cost:** Network transaction fee only

**Refund:** \~0.006–0.02 SOL (position account + NFT accounts)

Tick arrays are not refunded—they remain as shared infrastructure for other LPs.

***

## CPMM fees <a href="#cpmm-fees" id="cpmm-fees"></a>

This section provides an overview of Solana rent costs associated with creating a CPMM pool and the Raydium protocol fee.

### Pool creation <a href="#pool-creation-1" id="pool-creation-1"></a>

Creates a new liquidity pool for a token pair. Unlike CLMM, CPMM pools require initial liquidity at creation—you cannot create an empty pool.

**Total cost: \~0.19 SOL** (non-refundable)

**Rent costs: 0.04215672 SOL**

| Account           | Cost (SOL)     | Refundable |
| ----------------- | -------------- | ---------- |
| Pool state        | 0.0053244      | No         |
| Observation state | 0.02925288     | No         |
| LP mint           | 0.0014616      | No         |
| Token vault 0     | 0.00203928     | No         |
| Token vault 1     | 0.00203928     | No         |
| LP Token Account  | 0.00203928     | Yes        |
| **Total**         | **0.04215672** | —          |

**Protocol fee: 0.15 SOL**

A fixed fee paid to Raydium to support protocol infrastructure and prevent pool spam.

Protocol fees are collected at: `DNXgeM9EiiaAbaWvwjHj9fQQLAX5ZsfHyvmYUNRAdNC8`

Pools cannot be closed once created.

***

### **LP token account (Deposit/Withdrawal)**

Each liquidity provider needs an LP token account to hold their LP tokens.

| Cost       | 0.00203928 SOL              |
| ---------- | --------------------------- |
| Created    | On first deposit            |
| Refundable | Yes, when account is closed |

You can close your LP token account after withdrawing all liquidity to reclaim the rent. Accounts with any remaining LP token balance cannot be closed.


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