CPMM instructions - Raydium Docs

This page is the authoritative instruction reference. For code that actually composes these instructions, see products/cpmm/code-demos. For error-code meanings see reference/error-codes.

Instruction summary

Discriminator name	Who signs	What it does
`Initialize`	pool creator	Create a new CPMM pool from two mints and an `AmmConfig`. Permissionless; anyone can call it. Hardcodes `enable_creator_fee = false` on the new pool. The `pool_state` account can be either the canonical PDA or a fresh random keypair (see Initialize accounts).
`InitializeWithPermission`	payer + a holder of a `Permission` PDA	Permissioned variant of `Initialize`. The caller (`payer`) must own a `Permission` PDA derived from their own pubkey. Used by platforms that need gated pool creation (e.g. LaunchLab graduations). Lets the caller pin `creator_fee_on` (`BothToken` / `OnlyToken0` / `OnlyToken1`) and forces `enable_creator_fee = true` on the new pool. The `creator` field on `pool_state` is set to a separately-passed `creator` account, not the payer. Same canonical-PDA-or-random-keypair flexibility for `pool_state` as `Initialize`.
`Deposit`	LP	Add liquidity in both tokens; receive LP tokens.
`Withdraw`	LP	Burn LP tokens; receive both underlying tokens pro-rata.
`SwapBaseInput`	swapper	Exact-input swap (`amount_in` in, ≥ `minimum_amount_out` out).
`SwapBaseOutput`	swapper	Exact-output swap (≤ `maximum_amount_in` in, `amount_out` out).
`CollectProtocolFee`	`protocol_owner` (from `AmmConfig`)	Sweep accrued protocol fees from vaults.
`CollectFundFee`	`fund_owner` (from `AmmConfig`)	Sweep accrued fund fees from vaults.
`CollectCreatorFee`	`pool_creator`	Sweep accrued creator fees (if creator fee was enabled).
`UpdatePoolStatus`	`admin`	Pause / resume specific operations on a pool via a bitmask.
`UpdateAmmConfig`	`admin`	Change fee rates or the protocol/fund owner on an `AmmConfig`.
`CreateAmmConfig`	`admin`	Create a new fee tier (new `AmmConfig` account).
`CreatePermissionPda`	`admin`	Mint a `Permission` PDA that allows a specific authority to call `InitializeWithPermission`.
`ClosePermissionPda`	`admin`	Revoke a previously-issued `Permission` PDA.

Status bitmask: each pool’s status is a u8 where bit 0 = deposit disabled, bit 1 = withdraw disabled, bit 2 = swap disabled (PoolStatusBitIndex { Deposit, Withdraw, Swap } in the program). A clear bit means the operation is allowed; a set bit means it is paused. UpdatePoolStatus takes a raw u8 and overwrites the existing value. The next sections go through each in detail. Account ordering follows the CPMM IDL; the SDK and the Rust client in raydium-cp-swap/programs/cp-swap/src/instructions match this order.

`Initialize`

Create a new CPMM pool. Arguments

init_amount_0: u64
init_amount_1: u64
open_time:     u64   // Unix timestamp; swaps rejected before this

Accounts (W = writable, S = signer)

#	Name	W	S	Notes
1	`creator`	W	S	Pays rent; recorded as `pool_state.pool_creator`.
2	`amm_config`			The chosen fee tier.
3	`authority`			CPMM global authority PDA.
4	`pool_state`	W	S*	`init`ed here. Either the canonical PDA `["pool", amm_config, token_0_mint, token_1_mint]` or a fresh random keypair — when not the canonical PDA, the program requires `pool_state` to sign (`require_eq!(pool_account_info.is_signer, true)`). The random-keypair path lets a creator dodge front-running attempts on the canonical PDA. The downstream PDAs (`lp_mint`, `vaults`, `observation_state`) are derived from `pool_state.key()` either way.
5	`token_0_mint`			Sorted: `token_0_mint < token_1_mint`.
6	`token_1_mint`
7	`lp_mint`	W		`init`ed here. Authority set to `authority`.
8	`creator_token_0`	W		Source ATA for `init_amount_0`.
9	`creator_token_1`	W		Source ATA for `init_amount_1`.
10	`creator_lp_token`	W		Destination for LP (created if missing).
11	`token_0_vault`	W		`init`ed here. Owned by `authority`.
12	`token_1_vault`	W
13	`create_pool_fee`	W		Destination ATA for the `create_pool_fee` paid by the creator.
14	`observation_state`	W		`init`ed here.
15	`token_program`			SPL Token (for LP mint).
16	`token_0_program`			SPL Token or Token-2022.
17	`token_1_program`			SPL Token or Token-2022.
18	`associated_token_program`
19	`system_program`
20	`rent`

* pool_state signs only on the random-keypair path; the canonical-PDA path runs without pool_state signing. Preconditions

Mints are sorted (token_0_mint < token_1_mint by byte order).
Neither mint uses an extension outside the CPMM allow-list (TransferFeeConfig, MetadataPointer, TokenMetadata, InterestBearingConfig, ScaledUiAmount) — see products/cpmm/accounts. A small per-mint allow-list inside the program bypasses the check for case-by-case onboarding.
creator has at least init_amount_0 and init_amount_1 in the respective ATAs.
amm_config.disable_create_pool == false.

Postconditions

pool_state exists with lp_supply = sqrt(init_amount_0 * init_amount_1) − LOCKED_LP.
The LP starter of LOCKED_LP (100 lamports of LP token) is permanently locked in the pool — pool_state.lp_supply records liquidity − 100 while 100 LP units remain outside circulation, preventing the pool from being fully drained and dividing by zero.
observation_state is initialized; observation_index = 0 and pool_id = pool_state.key().
create_pool_fee lamports are transferred from the creator to the receiver and synced as native SOL (it is a wSOL ATA).
The pool’s status bitmask is 0 (deposit / withdraw / swap all enabled).
enable_creator_fee = false and creator_fee_on = BothToken. Initialize does not support enabling the creator fee — that path is InitializeWithPermission.
open_time is bumped to block_timestamp + 1 if the caller passed a value <= block_timestamp. Swaps are rejected before open_time; deposits and withdrawals work immediately.

Common errors (full list in reference/error-codes)

InvalidInput — mints unsorted, or identical mints.
NotSupportMint — blocked Token-2022 extension.
ExceededSlippage — rarely; if init_amount_0/1 result in zero LP due to decimals mismatch.

`Deposit`

Add liquidity in both tokens proportional to the pool. Arguments

lp_token_amount:   u64   // how many LP tokens to mint to the LP
maximum_token_0:   u64
maximum_token_1:   u64

Accounts

#	Name	W	S
1	`owner`		S
2	`authority`
3	`pool_state`	W
4	`owner_lp_token`	W
5	`token_0_account`	W
6	`token_1_account`	W
7	`token_0_vault`	W
8	`token_1_vault`	W
9	`token_program`
10	`token_program_2022`
11	`vault_0_mint`
12	`vault_1_mint`
13	`lp_mint`	W

Math

needed_token_0 = ceil(lp_token_amount * vault_0 / lp_supply)
needed_token_1 = ceil(lp_token_amount * vault_1 / lp_supply)
require(needed_token_0 <= maximum_token_0, "ExceededSlippage")
require(needed_token_1 <= maximum_token_1, "ExceededSlippage")

No change to k’s proportionality — both vaults and lp_supply scale by the same factor. Postconditions

lp_supply += lp_token_amount.
vault_0 += needed_token_0 (net of any Token-2022 transfer fee on input).
vault_1 += needed_token_1 (net of any Token-2022 transfer fee on input).

Common errors — ExceededSlippage, ZeroTradingTokens, InvalidStatus if deposit is paused.

`Withdraw`

Burn LP tokens and receive both underlying tokens pro-rata. Arguments

lp_token_amount:   u64
minimum_token_0:   u64
minimum_token_1:   u64

Accounts

#	Name	W	S
1	`owner`		S
2	`authority`
3	`pool_state`	W
4	`owner_lp_token`	W
5	`token_0_account`	W
6	`token_1_account`	W
7	`token_0_vault`	W
8	`token_1_vault`	W
9	`token_program`
10	`token_program_2022`
11	`vault_0_mint`
12	`vault_1_mint`
13	`lp_mint`	W

(Identical to Deposit; lp_mint is writable because the LP tokens are burned.) Math

out_token_0 = floor(lp_token_amount * vault_0 / lp_supply)
out_token_1 = floor(lp_token_amount * vault_1 / lp_supply)
require(out_token_0 >= minimum_token_0, "ExceededSlippage")
require(out_token_1 >= minimum_token_1, "ExceededSlippage")

Postconditions

lp_supply -= lp_token_amount.
Vaults send out_token_0 / out_token_1 (gross; the user receives net of any Token-2022 transfer fee).

`SwapBaseInput`

Exact-input swap. Arguments

amount_in:            u64
minimum_amount_out:   u64

Accounts

#	Name	W	S
1	`payer`		S
2	`authority`
3	`amm_config`
4	`pool_state`	W
5	`input_token_account`	W
6	`output_token_account`	W
7	`input_vault`	W
8	`output_vault`	W
9	`input_token_program`
10	`output_token_program`
11	`input_token_mint`
12	`output_token_mint`
13	`observation_state`	W

The ordering input → output is by the user’s direction, not by the pool’s canonical token_0 / token_1. The program figures out which vault is which by matching mints. Math — see products/cpmm/math. Preconditions

open_time <= now.
pool_status allows swap.
Neither mint paused or frozen for this authority.
amount_in > 0.

Common errors

ExceededSlippage — amount_out < minimum_amount_out.
ZeroTradingTokens — the trade rounds to zero.
NotApproved — pool is paused for swaps via UpdatePoolStatus.
InvalidInput — mints do not match either of the pool’s vault mints.

`SwapBaseOutput`

Exact-output swap. Arguments

max_amount_in:  u64
amount_out:     u64

Accounts — same as SwapBaseInput. Math — inverse curve with ceiling, see products/cpmm/math. Common errors — ExceededSlippage (gross_in > max_amount_in), ZeroTradingTokens, InvalidInput, NotApproved.

`CollectProtocolFee`

Sweep accrued protocol fees from the vaults to the protocol destination. Arguments — none. Accounts

#	Name	W	S
1	`owner`		S	Must match `amm_config.protocol_owner`.
2	`authority`
3	`pool_state`	W
4	`amm_config`
5	`token_0_vault`	W
6	`token_1_vault`	W
7	`vault_0_mint`
8	`vault_1_mint`
9	`recipient_token_0_account`	W
10	`recipient_token_1_account`	W
11	`token_program`
12	`token_program_2022`

Effect

transfer pool_state.protocol_fees_token0 from vault_0 to recipient_0
transfer pool_state.protocol_fees_token1 from vault_1 to recipient_1
pool_state.protocol_fees_token0 = 0
pool_state.protocol_fees_token1 = 0

No change to the curve’s effective balances (accrued fees were already excluded). Common error — NotApproved if signer is not protocol_owner.

`CollectFundFee`

Same shape as CollectProtocolFee but signed by fund_owner and zeroing the fund_fees_* counters.

`CollectCreatorFee`

Same shape again, signed by pool_state.pool_creator. Only emits transfers if the pool was initialized with a non-zero creator-fee rate.

`UpdatePoolStatus`

Pause or resume individual operations on a pool. The status field is a bitmask:

Bit	Flag	Effect when set
0	`DEPOSIT_DISABLED`	`Deposit` rejects with `NotApproved`.
1	`WITHDRAW_DISABLED`	`Withdraw` rejects.
2	`SWAP_DISABLED`	`SwapBaseInput` / `SwapBaseOutput` reject.

Arguments

status: u8      // new bitmask

Accounts

#	Name	W	S
1	`authority`		S	Must match the admin key on the CPMM program.
2	`pool_state`	W

The admin key is the upgrade authority on the CPMM program — in practice, the Raydium multisig. See security/admin-and-multisig.

`CreateAmmConfig`

Create a new fee tier. Arguments

index:             u16
trade_fee_rate:    u64
protocol_fee_rate: u64
fund_fee_rate:     u64
create_pool_fee:   u64

Accounts

#	Name	W	S
1	`owner`	W	S	Admin.
2	`amm_config`	W		`init`ed here.
3	`system_program`

Preconditions

No existing AmmConfig with the same index.
protocol_fee_rate + fund_fee_rate <= FEE_RATE_DENOMINATOR_VALUE.

`UpdateAmmConfig`

Change fee rates or ownership on an existing AmmConfig. Takes a param: u8 (discriminator for which field to update) and a value: u64. The value semantics per param are in the source; commonly:

param = 0 → trade_fee_rate
param = 1 → protocol_fee_rate
param = 2 → fund_fee_rate
param = 3 → new_protocol_owner (pass Pubkey bytes as a reinterpret)
param = 4 → new_fund_owner
param = 5 → create_pool_fee
param = 6 → disable_create_pool

Changes are signed by the admin and affect every pool bound to this AmmConfig on the next swap. No migration; pools simply read the new values.

State-change matrix

Instruction	`lp_supply`	Vault balances	Accrued-fee fields	`observation`
`Initialize`	+ init LP	+ `init_amount_{0,1}`	0	init
`InitializeWithPermission`	+ init LP	+ `init_amount_{0,1}`	0	init
`Deposit`	+	+ both	—	—
`Withdraw`	−	− both	—	—
`SwapBaseInput`	—	+ in, − out	+ `trade_fee` split into protocol/fund; + `creator_fee` if enabled	+ (if interval elapsed)
`SwapBaseOutput`	—	+ in, − out	+ `trade_fee` split into protocol/fund; + `creator_fee` if enabled	+ (if interval elapsed)
`CollectProtocolFee`	—	− (by protocol buckets)	`protocol_*` → 0	—
`CollectFundFee`	—	− (by fund buckets)	`fund_*` → 0	—
`CollectCreatorFee`	—	− (by creator buckets)	`creator_*` → 0	—
`UpdatePoolStatus`	—	—	—	—

Where to go next

products/cpmm/code-demos — runnable TypeScript samples for the above.
reference/error-codes — the complete Anchor error table.
products/cpmm/fees — the fee-accrual model that CollectProtocolFee / CollectFundFee / CollectCreatorFee drain.

Sources:

​Instruction summary

​Initialize

​Deposit

​Withdraw

​SwapBaseInput

​SwapBaseOutput

​CollectProtocolFee

​CollectFundFee

​CollectCreatorFee

​UpdatePoolStatus

​CreateAmmConfig

​UpdateAmmConfig

​State-change matrix

​Where to go next

Instruction summary

`Initialize`

`Deposit`

`Withdraw`

`SwapBaseInput`

`SwapBaseOutput`

`CollectProtocolFee`

`CollectFundFee`

`CollectCreatorFee`

`UpdatePoolStatus`

`CreateAmmConfig`

`UpdateAmmConfig`

State-change matrix

Where to go next