AMM v4 accounts

As of the 2026-07 upgrade, AMM v4’s OpenBook / Serum dependency has been removed — no instruction reads or writes OpenBook state anymore. The market accounts below are retained only as positional placeholders on the legacy v1 instruction layouts (accepted but ignored) and as reference fields on AmmInfo. Use the V2 swap entrypoints, which omit them entirely. This page still groups the accounts into “pool-owned” and “OpenBook (legacy)” sections for reading older transactions.

Inventory

An AMM v4 pool records one bound market on AmmInfo at creation. The full picture:

Category	Account	Owner	Role
Pool	`AmmInfo`	AMM v4 program	Pool state: fees accrued, status, references to vaults (and, as legacy fields, the market).
Pool	`amm_authority`	AMM v4 program	Program-owned PDA that signs vault moves. Shared across all AMM v4 pools.
Pool	`amm_open_orders`	OpenBook	Legacy `OpenOrders` reference. Never created or read by the current program, which writes `AmmInfo.open_orders = Pubkey::default()` on every new pool; only pools created before the OpenBook removal carry a real value. Still passed positionally on v1 layouts.
Pool	`amm_target_orders`	AMM v4 program	Legacy target-orders account. Still referenced by `WithdrawPnl` (as account #10) but no grid is built.
Pool	`pool_coin_token_account`	SPL Token	Pool’s coin-side vault (ATA of `amm_authority`).
Pool	`pool_pc_token_account`	SPL Token	Pool’s pc-side vault.
Pool	`lp_mint`	SPL Token	Fungible LP mint.
Legacy (OpenBook)	`serum_market`	OpenBook	The bound market. Passed on v1 layouts but no longer validated or used.
Legacy	`serum_bids`, `serum_asks`	OpenBook	Bid/ask queues. Ignored.
Legacy	`serum_event_queue`	OpenBook	Pending events. Ignored.
Legacy	`serum_coin_vault`, `serum_pc_vault`	SPL Token	Market-level vaults. Ignored.
Legacy	`serum_vault_signer`	OpenBook	Market-level PDA. Ignored.

Note: “serum” is kept as the prefix in AMM v4’s IDL and field names for backward compatibility. These accounts are no longer functional after the OpenBook removal.

`AmmInfo`

The pool’s root state account. Large (≈ 752 bytes) because it carries both pool and OpenBook references inline.

// programs/amm/src/state.rs (abridged; field order / names follow the IDL)
pub struct AmmInfo {
    pub status: u64,           // bitmask: swap/deposit/withdraw/crank enabled
    pub nonce:  u64,           // bump used to derive amm_authority
    pub order_num: u64,
    pub depth: u64,
    pub coin_decimals: u64,
    pub pc_decimals:   u64,
    pub state:         u64,    // internal state machine
    pub reset_flag:    u64,
    pub min_size:      u64,
    pub vol_max_cut_ratio: u64,
    pub amount_wave: u64,
    pub coin_lot_size: u64,    // legacy (OpenBook lot size); now initialized to 0
    pub pc_lot_size:   u64,    // legacy; now initialized to 0
    pub min_price_multiplier: u64,
    pub max_price_multiplier: u64,
    pub sys_decimal_value: u64,

    pub fees: Fees,            // trade/protocol/fund fee rates
    pub state_data: StateData,

    // Pool-owned accounts:
    pub coin_vault: Pubkey,
    pub pc_vault:   Pubkey,
    pub coin_vault_mint: Pubkey,
    pub pc_vault_mint:   Pubkey,
    pub lp_mint:  Pubkey,
    pub open_orders: Pubkey,   // pool's OpenOrders on OpenBook
    pub market: Pubkey,        // OpenBook market
    pub market_program: Pubkey, // OpenBook program ID
    pub target_orders: Pubkey,
    pub padding1: [u64; 8],     // reserved — NOT withdraw_queue / lp_vault
    pub amm_owner: Pubkey,      // admin (multisig)
    pub lp_amount: u64,         // the pool's internal LP total; see the note below
    pub client_order_id: u64,
    pub recent_epoch: u64,
    pub padding2: u64,
}

pub struct Fees {
    pub min_separate_numerator:   u64,     // 5
    pub min_separate_denominator: u64,     // 10_000
    pub trade_fee_numerator:      u64,     // 25  → used by OpenBook integration
    pub trade_fee_denominator:    u64,     // 10_000
    pub pnl_numerator:            u64,     // 12  → protocol's share OF the swap fee
    pub pnl_denominator:          u64,     // 100 → so 12/100 = 12% of fee, = 0.03% of volume
    pub swap_fee_numerator:       u64,     // 25  → 0.25% gross swap fee
    pub swap_fee_denominator:     u64,     // 10_000
}

pub struct StateData {
    pub need_take_pnl_coin: u64,        // still updated — accrued protocol fee (coin side)
    pub need_take_pnl_pc:   u64,        // still updated — accrued protocol fee (pc side)
    pub total_pnl_pc:   u64,            // DEPRECATED — no longer updated
    pub total_pnl_coin: u64,            // DEPRECATED — no longer updated
    pub pool_open_time: u64,            // still used — pool open timestamp
    pub padding: [u64; 2],              // reserved
    pub orderbook_to_init_time: u64,    // DEPRECATED — no longer updated
    pub swap_coin_in_amount: u128,      // DEPRECATED — volume counters frozen
    pub swap_pc_out_amount:  u128,      // DEPRECATED
    pub swap_acc_pc_fee:    u64,        // DEPRECATED
    pub swap_pc_in_amount:  u128,       // DEPRECATED
    pub swap_coin_out_amount: u128,     // DEPRECATED
    pub swap_acc_coin_fee:  u64,        // DEPRECATED
}

The struct layout is unchanged (byte-compatible) so existing deserializers keep working, but after the OpenBook removal the fields marked DEPRECATED above are no longer written — the swap_* volume counters are frozen at their last value. For volume analytics, use trade logs rather than these fields. Only need_take_pnl_* and pool_open_time are actively maintained.

Integrator-facing fields:

coin_vault, pc_vault — the pool’s SPL Token vaults. coin is token_0 by Serum/OpenBook convention (base), pc is token_1 (quote).
coin_decimals, pc_decimals — matching the mints.
open_orders, target_orders, market — legacy reference fields. Still present on AmmInfo and still passed positionally on the v1 instruction layouts, but the program no longer reads or validates them. The V2 swap entrypoints omit them.
fees.swap_fee_numerator / swap_fee_denominator — the combined trade fee. Default 25 / 10_000 = 0.25%.
status — a single enumerated u64 state gating operations, not a bitmask. Admin-settable via SetParams with param = 0 (Status). See Status below.
lp_amount — the pool’s internal LP total. It is not equal to lp_mint.supply: it is exactly one whole LP token (10^coin_decimals base units) higher, because that amount is counted at init but never minted. All pro-rata math uses lp_amount, so use it too.
amm_owner — written at creation from the program’s hardcoded admin key, not from the creator.
state_data.need_take_pnl_* — delta between gross accrued fees and what’s been swept. TakePnl zeroes these.

The OpenBook wiring

Removed. The OpenBook / Serum dependency has been deleted from the program (2026-07 upgrade). The accounts described in this section are no longer validated or used. They remain as reference fields on AmmInfo and as positional placeholders on the legacy v1 instruction layouts. Use the V2 swap entrypoints (SwapBaseInV2 / SwapBaseOutV2) which skip these accounts entirely.

When you call a legacy v1 SwapBaseIn / SwapBaseOut, Deposit, or Withdraw instruction, the account count must still match the old layout (the market accounts occupy their historical positions), but their contents are no longer checked — no CPI is issued against them. New code should use the V2 swap variants, which do not take these accounts at all.

const market = ...;  // OpenBook market PublicKey

// Fields OpenBook exposes on its market account:
const marketDecoded = OpenBookMarket.decode(marketAccountData);
const {
  bids:           serumBids,
  asks:           serumAsks,
  eventQueue:     serumEventQueue,
  requestQueue:   serumRequestQueue,
  baseVault:      serumCoinVault,
  quoteVault:     serumPcVault,
  vaultSignerNonce,
} = marketDecoded;

const serumVaultSigner = PublicKey.createProgramAddressSync(
  [market.toBuffer(), u64ToBytes(vaultSignerNonce)],
  OPENBOOK_PROGRAM_ID,
);

The AMM’s amm_open_orders is an OpenBook-owned account holding the pool’s limit-order state on this market: active orders, settled balances, referrers, etc. amm_target_orders is AMM-side: it holds the AMM’s intended grid (price/size for each order slot) so the program can cheaply compare against what’s currently posted and place / cancel the diff.

Authority PDAs

There is exactly one amm_authority PDA for the entire AMM v4 program. Its seed is trivial (["amm authority"]) and its bump is stored on every AmmInfo. This authority signs all token moves for all AMM v4 pools.

const AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey(
  "675kPX9MHTjS2zt1qfr1NYHuzeLXfQM9H24wFSUt1Mp8",
);
const [ammAuthority] = PublicKey.findProgramAddressSync(
  [Buffer.from("amm authority")],
  AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID,
);

There is no second, pool-scoped authority: this one PDA covers everything the program signs. Its bump is 254 on mainnet and is mirrored on every AmmInfo as nonce; WithdrawExcessLamports re-derives it with that nonce hardcoded.

Vaults

The pool’s SPL Token vaults are standard token accounts whose owner is amm_authority. Not ATAs — their addresses are PDAs derived at Initialize2 from [AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID, market, "coin_vault_associated_seed"] and [AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID, market, "pc_vault_associated_seed"]. The mint is not a seed, and neither is amm_id. Addresses are stored on AmmInfo; derivation is a one-time curiosity. Token-2022 is not supported. The program hardcodes SPL Token’s program ID for all vault moves. Attempting to bind an AMM v4 pool to a Token-2022 mint fails at Initialize2 with InvalidSplTokenProgram.

LP mint

A classic SPL Token mint whose authority is amm_authority. Total supply tracks LP ownership of the pool; burning LP returns tokens from both vaults pro-rata. There is an in-state mirror: AmmInfo.lp_amount. It is not equal to the mint’s supply — it sits exactly one whole LP token (10^coin_decimals base units) higher, because that amount is counted at init but never minted. Every pro-rata computation in the program divides by lp_amount, so use that field rather than the mint’s on-chain supply.

Status

AmmInfo.status is a single enumerated u64 state, not a bitmask. Test it for equality — a client testing status & 1 mis-classifies every live pool, because the normal trading state is 6, which has bit 0 set.

Value	`AmmStatus`	Swap	Deposit	Withdraw
0	`Uninitialized`	no	no	no
1	`Initialized`	yes	yes	yes
2	`Disabled`	no	no	no
3	`WithdrawOnly`	no	no	yes
4	`LiquidityOnly`	no	yes	yes
5	`OrderBookOnly`	no	yes	yes
6	`SwapOnly`	yes	yes	yes
7	`WaitingTrade`	yes, once `pool_open_time` has passed	yes	yes

Initialize2 writes 7 when open_time is in the future and 6 otherwise; a pool at 7 flips itself to 6 on the first swap at or after state_data.pool_open_time. A value outside 0..=7 makes AmmStatus::from_u64 panic. The Raydium multisig sets the state via SetParams with param = 0 (Status); only values 1–7 are accepted. (AdminCancelOrders has been removed.)

Observation / oracle

AMM v4 has no dedicated observation account, and since the OpenBook removal there is no order-book state to derive one from either. If you need a Raydium TWAP with program support, use CPMM or CLMM — both maintain an ObservationState ring buffer. Otherwise, index the swap logs off-chain.

Deriving a pool’s accounts from scratch

AMM v4’s pool accounts are plain PDAs keyed on the bound market — not seeded keypairs, and not per-pair PDAs. Every one of them uses the same three-seed shape [AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID, market, <label>] under AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID:

Account	`<label>`
`amm_id` (`AmmInfo`)	`"amm_associated_seed"`
`amm_target_orders`	`"target_associated_seed"`
`lp_mint`	`"lp_mint_associated_seed"`
`pool_coin_token_account`	`"coin_vault_associated_seed"`
`pool_pc_token_account`	`"pc_vault_associated_seed"`

const [ammId] = PublicKey.findProgramAddressSync(
  [
    AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID.toBuffer(),
    marketPubkey.toBuffer(),
    Buffer.from("amm_associated_seed"),
  ],
  AMM_V4_PROGRAM_ID,
);

The bound market is the only variable seed, which is why one market maps to exactly one AMM v4 pool. The SDK and API pre-compute these for you; see raydium-sdk-v2’s Liquidity.getAssociatedPoolKeys. In practice, integrators read the pool’s full account set from GET https://api-v3.raydium.io/pools/info/ids?ids=<POOL_ID> or from the SDK. Hand-deriving is rarely needed.

Lifecycle quick reference

Event	Accounts created	Accounts destroyed
`Initialize2`	`amm_info`, `amm_target_orders`, both vaults, `lp_mint`, and the creator’s LP ATA	—
`Deposit`	— (may create user LP ATA)	—
`Withdraw`	—	—
`SwapBaseIn` / `SwapBaseOut` (v1 / V2)	— (may create user ATA)	—
`WithdrawPnl`	—	—

Pools and their accounts persist indefinitely. Even if liquidity is fully withdrawn, AmmInfo stays.

What to read where

Math and fee arithmetic: products/amm-v4/math.
Fee split and how it compares to CPMM/CLMM: products/amm-v4/fees.
Instruction account lists: products/amm-v4/instructions.
OpenBook account derivation: OpenBook program source (github.com/openbook-dex/program) — a Rust monorepo, not prose documentation.

Sources:

Raydium AMM program — raydium-io/raydium-amm
reference/program-addresses for canonical program IDs
OpenBook / Serum protocol for the counterparty accounts

Products

Algorithms

Inventory

`AmmInfo`

The OpenBook wiring

Authority PDAs

Vaults

LP mint

Status

Observation / oracle

Deriving a pool’s accounts from scratch

Lifecycle quick reference

What to read where

​Inventory

​AmmInfo

​The OpenBook wiring

​Authority PDAs

​Vaults

​LP mint

​Status

​Observation / oracle

​Deriving a pool’s accounts from scratch

​Lifecycle quick reference

​What to read where

Inventory

`AmmInfo`

The OpenBook wiring

Authority PDAs

Vaults

LP mint

Status

Observation / oracle

Deriving a pool’s accounts from scratch

Lifecycle quick reference

What to read where